Taxon Details

Verbena californica

Red Hills vervain

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Taxon Summary:

Verbena californica, commonly known as Red Hills vervain, is a perennial herb in the Verbenaceae that is found only in California. It occurs within Cismontane woodland, and Valley and foothill grassland, growing at elevations from 260 to 400 meters. Verbena californica is ranked 1B.1, Plants Rare, Threatened or Endangered in California and Elsewhere; Seriously threatened in California.

Classification

Scientific Name: Verbena californica Mold.
Common Name: Red Hills vervain
Family:	Verbenaceae
Element Code:	PDVER0N050
USDA Plants Symbol:	VECA9
Synonyms/Other Names:
Name Status:	JEF, FNA, POWO, IPNI, Tropicos

Conservation Status

CA Rare Plant Rank:	1B.1
Fed List:	FT (1998-09-14)
State List:	CT (1994-08-01)
Global Rank:	G2
State Rank:	S2
Other Status:	SB_CalBG/RSABG; SB_UCBG
CRPR Changes:
Add Date:	1984-01-01
Date Edited:	2022-06-08

Ecology and Life History

Lifeform: perennial herb

Blooming Period: May-Sep

Elevation:
260 - 400 meters
855 - 1310 feet

General Habitats:

Cismontane woodland
Valley and foothill grassland

Microhabitat Details: usually serpentinite creeks

Microhabitat:

Mesic
Seeps (usually)
Serpentine (usually)

Notes

Notes: Known only from the Red Hills. Threatened by grazing, mining, development, non-native plants, recreation, foot traffic, and vehicles. Protected in part at Red Hills ACEC (BLM).
Threats:
Taxonomy:

Threat List Data from the CNDDB

THREAT LIST:
Threat List Total:	12
	Total EOs	% of EOs
EOs with Threat Listed:	10	83 %
Foot traffic/trampling	6	50%
Other	6	50%
Improper burning regime	5	41%
Altered flood/tidal/hydrologic regime	4	33%
Recreational use (non-ORV)	4	33%
Grazing	3	25%
Development	2	16%
Non-native plant impacts	2	16%
ORV activity	2	16%
Mining	1	8%
Feral pigs	1	8%
Vandalism/dumping/litter	1	8%

Occurrence Data from the CNDDB

Element Occurrence Ranks:
Total Occurrences:					12
A	B	C	D	X	U
2	3	3	0	0	4

Occurrence Status:
Historical >20 Years	5
Recent <=20 Years	7

Presence:
Presumed Extant	12
Possibly Extirpated	0
Presumed Extirpated	0

Location

California Endemic:

California Island:

States: Name (Code)
California (CA)

California Counties and Islands: Name (Code)
Tuolumne (TUO)

Quads: Name (Quad Code)
Chinese Camp (3712074), Keystone (3712075), Sonora (3712084)

Notes:

Definitions of codes following a county and/or quad:
*		Presumed extirpated
(?)		Occurrence confirmed, but possibly extirpated
Quad and county data is imported from the CNDDB. Species may be present in other areas where conditions are favorable. These data should NOT be substituted for pre-project review or for on-site surveys.

Regional Map

Map

Presumed Extant

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CNPS Rare Plant Inventory